How far can a microwave signal theoretically travel?

The ability of microwave signals to theoretically travel indefinitely, or "on forever," is rooted in the principles of radio wave propagation. In an ideal scenario with no obstacles, no atmospheric interference, and perfect conditions, microwave waves could continue to propagate without a defined limit.

Microwaves, which are a form of electromagnetic radiation, can travel vast distances. They do not require a medium to propagate and can move through the vacuum of space. However, in practical applications, factors like atmospheric absorption, terrain features, buildings, and other obstacles significantly affect microwave signal transmission.

When operating within established communication parameters, such as in telecommunications or radar systems, signals can cover considerable distances based on the frequency and power of transmission. In open space, without any impediments, these signals are capable of traveling far beyond a mile or just a few feet. Thus, the theoretical nature of the signal's travel distance extends towards the concept of unlimited propagation in perfect conditions.